So you know there is a record with that guid/id stored in the database, but the CKEditor rest api is not returning it? Are you getting an error when trying to call the api directly? Or any errors in Service Center?
Can you try to debug the CKEditor application and put a breakpoint inside the api method to see if you're reaching it?
Also, are both the CKEditor application and the one from your screenshot published on the same server? Just making sure there aren't any (internal) backend server vs (external) DMZ server issues. So no multiple deployment zones or strictly separated front end servers?