Hi Marios,
When you change the name of the table, what is changed is the name on the metadata so the data in your physical table is kept.
This information is saved on the Entity which you can refer from System:

The Name is the name of the entity you see in Service Studio, the physical table name is the name of the table in the database.
When you create a table called Entity1, the record in the Entity table will have name Entity1 and table name (for example) OSUSR_123_Entity1. When you change it to Entity2, the record in the Entity table will be updated to name Entity2 and table name will stay the same (for example) OSUSR_123_Entity1.
When you deploy to a new environment, it's like the table is created for the first time, so the physical table name will be Entity2 in there.
That's why they can the tables can have two different tables, but that Entity table in the metamodel ensures it works the same.
Hope it helps.
Regards,
João